The khipu (also spelled quipu) is a fascinating artifact from the Inca Empire, a complex system of knotted strings used for record-keeping. While the exact methods of interpretation remain a subject of ongoing research, the process of creating a khipu is a rewarding craft that allows you to connect with this ancient Andean tradition. This guide will walk you through the steps of making your own khipu.
Gathering Your Materials: What You'll Need
Before you begin, you'll need to gather the necessary materials. Authentic khipu were made from various natural fibers, but for a modern khipu, you can use readily available options:
- Strong Cord: Choose a strong, durable cord as the main cord (the principal cord). Cotton, linen, or even sturdy yarn will work. Aim for something relatively thick (around 3-4mm diameter) for easier knotting.
- Thinner Strings: These are for the subsidiary cords, which hold the information. You can use thinner cotton threads, embroidery floss, or even fine yarn in various colors. Variety in color is encouraged as color likely held symbolic meaning in original khipus.
- Scissors: Sharp scissors for precise cutting.
- Tape Measure or Ruler: For measuring your cords to ensure consistent lengths.
- Optional: A Pattern or Design: While you can experiment freely, having a basic pattern or design in mind will help you stay organized.
Step-by-Step Khipu Construction
Now let's move on to the process of creating your khipu:
1. Preparing the Main Cord: The Foundation
- Choose your length: The length of your main cord depends on the complexity of your khipu. Start with a reasonable length (12-18 inches) for your first attempt.
- Secure one end: You may want to tie a small knot at one end of your main cord to prevent it from fraying.
2. Attaching Subsidiary Cords: Encoding Information
This is where the core of khipu-making lies. The placement and type of knots on the subsidiary cords communicate the information. Remember, there's no single definitive key to decoding a khipu. However, by understanding fundamental knot types, you can create your own system:
- Types of Knots: Inca khipus used various knot types, including simple knots, figure-eight knots, long knots, and more. Experiment with different knots, paying attention to how the knots change the appearance of the strings.
- Spacing: The spacing of knots, the number of knots, and their placement relative to other knots may represent quantities or units.
- Color Coding: Color may have encoded different categories of information. Use different colored strings to distinguish between different sets of data.
- Attaching Subsidiary Cords: Tie the subsidiary cords securely to your main cord, leaving enough length for knotting.
3. Knotting the Subsidiary Cords: Creating Your Message
This step requires patience and practice.
- Experiment: Try different combinations of knots and spacing on your subsidiary cords. Document your system so you can understand what each section represents.
- Consider Length: The length of the subsidiary cords can also be significant. Longer cords may represent larger quantities or more important information.
4. Finishing Touches: Securing Your Work
- Double-checking: After you have finished knotting, check all your knots to ensure they're secure and won't unravel.
- Finishing the ends: You may want to secure the ends of your subsidiary cords to prevent fraying.
Interpreting Your Khipu: A Personal System
Unlike the intricate, potentially complex messages held by ancient khipus, your khipu will primarily serve as a demonstration of the craft and a personal record-keeping system. Develop your own key to interpret the information encoded in your khipu. This could be numerical data, a simple calendar, or even a list of personal events.
Beyond the Basics: Further Exploration
Making a khipu is a journey of discovery. With practice, you can explore the different knot types, colors, and combinations to create more complex and meaningful khipus. Remember to explore the various resources available online and in libraries to deepen your understanding of this remarkable ancient technology. Enjoy the process of creating your own piece of Andean history!
